Dutch language levels A1 to C2 explained
Dutch courses use the levels of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR, in Dutch: ERK). The same six levels are used for every European language.
The six levels
| Level | Name | What you can do |
|---|---|---|
| A1 | Beginner | Introduce yourself, ask and answer simple questions. |
| A2 | Elementary | Shop, ask for directions, talk about your day. |
| B1 | Intermediate | Get by in daily life, have a simple conversation, write short texts. |
| B2 | Upper intermediate | Talk easily about many topics, follow the news. |
| C1 | Advanced | Use Dutch well at work or university. |
| C2 | Proficient | Understand almost everything and express yourself precisely. |
Which level do you need?
- Daily life: A2 already helps a lot.
- Integration (inburgering): B1 is a common goal. Rules can change, so always check with your municipality or the government website.
- Work in Dutch: usually B1 or B2, depending on the job.
- Study at a Dutch-taught programme: often B2 or higher.
How do you know your level?
Most language schools start with a short placement test or intake. Complete beginners start at A1.
How long does each level take?
A1 to A2 goes fairly quickly. Each next level takes longer. Speaking English or German helps: many Dutch words look familiar. Practising every day makes the biggest difference.
Ready to start? Find a Dutch course in your city or read how to choose a Dutch course.